File Management & Navigation

File Management & Navigation in Ubuntu

🧭 1. Navigation Commands












-lahwithsize,perms


#pwd#Printworking





















Command Description
lspwd
Print #current Listdirectory filespath


cd
Change directory
cd /path/to/dir
Go Changeto specific directory


cd current..
Go up one directory
cd ~ Go to home directory
ls List files and folders
ls -l Long listing with permissions
ls -a List hidden files
ls -lh Human-readable size in long listing







📄 2. File & Directory Management












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backup.php#CopyCommand Description
mkdir mydirfoldername
Create Createa new directory
mkdir -p /path/to/nested/folder Create nested directories
touch file.phptxt
Create newan empty file
cp file1.txt file2.txt Copy file
cp -r folder1 folder2 Copy directory
mv oldname.txt newname.txt Rename or move file/directory
rm file.phptxt
Delete a file
rm -r folder/
Delete Deletedirectory recursively
rm -rf folder/ Force delete folder recursively(use cpwith file1.phpcaution)









📦 3. Folder & File Sizes
































Command Description
du -sh Show total size of current directory
du -sh foldername/ Show size of a specific folder
du -ah Show size of all files and subfolders
du -h --max-depth=1 Show size of each folder in current dir
df -h Show disk space usage (human-readable)







🔍 4. Search and Find Files




































Command Description
find . -name "file.txt" Find file mvwith exact name in current folder and subfolders
find /path -type f -mtime -7 Files modified in the last 7 days
find /path -type f -mtime +30 Files older than 30 days
find /path -type f -name "*.log" Find all .log files
find /path -type f -mtime +30 -name "*.log" Old log files
find /path -type f -mtime +30 -delete Delete files older than 30 days







📋 5. Permissions and Ownership












dir/           # Move or rename










Command Description
chmod 755 file.phpsh
Change file permissions
chown user:group file.txt Change ownership
ls -l View current permissions and ownership







🗃️ 6. File Viewing & Editing




































Command Description
cat file.txt Display contents
less file.txt View file with scroll (better for large files)
head -n 10 file.txt Show first 10 lines
tail -n 10 file.txt Show last 10 lines
nano file.txt Edit file using Nano
vim file.txt Edit file using Vim (advanced)







🧹 7. File Compression & Archiving




































Command Description
tar -cvf archive.tar folder/ Create archive
tar -xvf archive.tar Extract archive
gzip file.txt Compress file
gunzip file.txt.gz Decompress gzip file
zip -r archive.zip folder/ Create zip archive
unzip archive.zip Unzip file

Command	Description
`lspwd`	Print #current ~~List~~directory ~~files~~path
`cd`	Change directory
`cd /path/to/dir`	Go ~~Change~~to specific directory
`cd current..`	Go up one directory
`cd ~`	Go to home directory
`ls`	List files and folders
`ls -l`	Long listing with permissions
`ls -a`	List hidden files
`ls -lh`	Human-readable size in long listing

Command	Description
`mkdir mydirfoldername`	Create ~~Create~~a new directory
`mkdir -p /path/to/nested/folder`	Create nested directories
`touch file.phptxt`	Create ~~new~~an empty file
`cp file1.txt file2.txt`	Copy file
`cp -r folder1 folder2`	Copy directory
`mv oldname.txt newname.txt`	Rename or move file/directory
`rm file.phptxt`	Delete a file
`rm -r folder/`	Delete ~~Delete~~directory recursively
`rm -rf folder/`	Force delete folder ~~recursively~~(use cpwith ~~file1.php~~caution)

Command	Description
`du -sh`	Show total size of current directory
`du -sh foldername/`	Show size of a specific folder
`du -ah`	Show size of all files and subfolders
`du -h --max-depth=1`	Show size of each folder in current dir
`df -h`	Show disk space usage (human-readable)

Command	Description
`find . -name "file.txt"`	Find file mvwith exact name in current folder and subfolders
`find /path -type f -mtime -7`	Files modified in the last 7 days
`find /path -type f -mtime +30`	Files older than 30 days
`find /path -type f -name "*.log"`	Find all `.log` files
`find /path -type f -mtime +30 -name "*.log"`	Old log files
`find /path -type f -mtime +30 -delete`	Delete files older than 30 days

Command	Description
`chmod 755 file.phpsh`	Change file permissions
`chown user:group file.txt`	Change ownership
`ls -l`	View current permissions and ownership

Command	Description
`cat file.txt`	Display contents
`less file.txt`	View file with scroll (better for large files)
`head -n 10 file.txt`	Show first 10 lines
`tail -n 10 file.txt`	Show last 10 lines
`nano file.txt`	Edit file using Nano
`vim file.txt`	Edit file using Vim (advanced)

Command	Description
`tar -cvf archive.tar folder/`	Create archive
`tar -xvf archive.tar`	Extract archive
`gzip file.txt`	Compress file
`gunzip file.txt.gz`	Decompress gzip file
`zip -r archive.zip folder/`	Create zip archive
`unzip archive.zip`	Unzip file