File Management & Navigation

Command	Description
`pwd`	Print current directory path
`cd`	Change directory
`cd /path/to/dir`	Go to specific directory
`cd ..`	Go up one directory
`cd ~`	Go to home directory
`ls`	List files and folders
`ls -l`	Long listing with permissions
`ls -a`	List hidden files
`ls -lh`	Human-readable size in long listing

📄 2. File & Directory Management

Command	Description
`mkdir foldername`	Create a new directory
`mkdir -p /path/to/nested/folder`	Create nested directories
`touch file.txt`	Create an empty file
`cp file1.txt file2.txt`	Copy file
`cp -r folder1 folder2`	Copy directory
`mv oldname.txt newname.txt`	Rename or move file/directory
`rm file.txt`	Delete a file
`rm -r folder/`	Delete directory recursively
`rm -rf folder/`	Force delete folder (use with caution)

📦 3. Folder & File Sizes

Command	Description
`du -sh`	Show total size of current directory
`du -sh foldername/`	Show size of a specific folder
`du -ah`	Show size of all files and subfolders
`du -h --max-depth=1`	Show size of each folder in current dir
`df -h`	Show disk space usage (human-readable)

🔍 4. Search and Find Files

Command	Description
`find . -name "file.txt"`	Find file with exact name in current folder and subfolders
`find /path -type f -mtime -7`	Files modified in the last 7 days
`find /path -type f -mtime +30`	Files older than 30 days
`find /path -type f -name "*.log"`	Find all `.log` files
`find /path -type f -mtime +30 -name "*.log"`	Old log files
find /backups -type f -name "*.zip" -mtime +30 -exec rm -f {} \;	Delete .zip files older than 30 days
find /var/log -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +14 -delete	Delete .log files older than 30 days
`find /path -type f -mtime +30 -delete`	Delete all files older than 30 days

📋 5. Permissions and Ownership

Command	Description
`chmod 755 file.sh`	Change file permissions
`chown user:group file.txt`	Change ownership
`ls -l`	View current permissions and ownership

🗃️ 6. File Viewing & Editing

Command	Description
`cat file.txt`	Display contents
`less file.txt`	View file with scroll (better for large files)
`head -n 10 file.txt`	Show first 10 lines
`tail -n 10 file.txt`	Show last 10 lines
`nano file.txt`	Edit file using Nano
`vim file.txt`	Edit file using Vim (advanced)

🧹 7. File Compression & Archiving

Command	Description
`tar -cvf archive.tar folder/`	Create archive
`tar -xvf archive.tar`	Extract archive
`gzip file.txt`	Compress file
`gunzip file.txt.gz`	Decompress gzip file
`zip -r archive.zip folder/`	Create zip archive
`unzip archive.zip`	Unzip file

No comments to display

Back to top